Jeff, this expression "would you happen to have?".
Yes
We started with "Do you have a pen?" "Do you have a pen i can borrow?" Yes
How do you compare them? "Do you have a pen?" Its pretty straight.
You may or may not be a stranger or somebody sitting in a desk next to you or whatever. "Do you happen to have a pen?" If you do, "Can I borrow it?" Its a little more roundabout its a much nicer much kinder way of saying it. And, "Would you happen to have?" It's so roundabout that like Katy said before, you are thinking of the other person and you're hoping that they will help you out, you're not sure if they will or not so you can't really say it straight at them. But if they will or they are willing to that would be great. Its a very roundabout way of saying but it's very effective.