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45.
People who run sports camps think of the children first. They do their best to create enjoyable and protective environments in which the children feel comfortable and safe. Unfortunately, some sports coaches in the camps occasionally become over-enthusiastic in their desire to help the children excel. As a result, they put pressure on them to perform at high levels, win at all costs, and keep playing, even when they get hurt. This ‘no pain, no gain’ approach is extremely stressful, and leads to unnecessary injuries. Parents should therefore take care when they send their children to a sports camp, and should talk with the sports coaches to see if they will respect the children’s wishes.
In choosing the most suitable sports camp for their children, parents should make sure that the coaches have caring attitudes to children.
46-48.
Margo was on holiday with friends, three miles off the Kenyan coast in the Indian Ocean, in a fishing boat. Suddenly the engine died, and for mysterious reasons, the boat began to sink. Before they knew what was happening, Margo, her three friends, and the African boatman were in the sea. They all had life jackets, but it was a long way to shore. Around them were lots of wooden barrels and boards. At that moment, one of the three friends said, “I don’t know how to swim.”
Margo took charge. She shouted out orders. She told each person to take a wooden board, use it as a float, and begin kicking slowly toward shore. She ordered the non-swimmer to share a piece of board with her. “Kick softly,” she told him, “Don’t stir up the water more than you have to.” With Margo’s firm presence next to him, the non-swimmer avoided panic. When every now and then his kicking became awkward and noisy, Margo ordered him to stop. Slowly and quietly, the five moved toward the distant shore.
They all reached the beach two hours later, exhausted but safe. At that time, the non-swimmer thanked Margo for saving his life, and he asked why she had been so insistent about going slowly and quietly. “Because,” she said to him, “for one thing, I knew it was a long way and we had to conserve our energy. For another, that ocean is full of sharks and I didn’t care to attract their attention. But if I’d told you that, you might have panicked and none of us would have made it.”
49-50.
Person A
Most people agree that fruit is a valuable, healthy food. Nonetheless, they usually throw away a very nutritious part of the fruit―the peel. In fact, fruit peel contains essential vitamins and is a source of dietary fiber. Dietary fiber helps to lower the level of cholesterol and blood sugar, which reduces the risk of heart disease and diabetes. Fiber also helps to lessen calorie intake, because people don’t feel hungry even though they eat less. Eating fruit peel can also help to decrease the amount of food waste which is a cause of pollution. Finally, I think people who eat fruit peel prefer organic food, which encourages farmers to use less pesticide and thus to contribute to a cleaner environment.
Person B
Personally, I don’t like the bitter taste and roughness of fruit peel, though I understand that it has some nutritious value and contains dietary fiber. Even so, I don’t think it is wise to eat fruit without peeling it. You might think you’re removing all the pesticide on the fruit when you wash it, but some chemicals are bound to remain on the surface of the peel. The use of detergent to clean the fruit can also cause additional water pollution. Another reason for removing the peel before eating is that some fruits such as apples, pears, and grapes have a tough skin, which can be harder to chew and to digest.
