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3- The battle for survival
Treaties were signed which promised land to the Indians “as long as the grass will grow”, but the government did not respect the treaties and war broke out. The Indian wars, between the US army and the Great Plains tribes, lasted from 1860 to 1880 but soon the Sioux were too weak to fight. Without buffaloes, they had nothing to eat. Forced to live a sedentary life on the reservations, they turned to their religion. They believed that a special dance – the Ghost Dance – would make the buffaloes return and the white men leave. The dances were peaceful but made the white population nervous. In 1890 a group of about 200 Indians, men, women and children, were massacred by soldiers at Wounded Knee. It was the end of Indian resistance.
